unit 8

deter

to prevent someone from doing something or to make someone less enthusiastic about doing something by making it difficult for that person to do it or by threatening bad results if they do it 阻撓，阻止；威懾；使不敢

effective

successful or achieving the results that you want 能産生預期結果的；有效的

filthy

extremely or unpleasantly dirty 骯髒的；汙穢的

fine

an amount of money that has to be paid as a punishment for not obeying a rule or law 罰款，罰金

germ

a very small organism that causes disease 病菌；細菌

harmless

not able or not likely to cause harm 無害的；不會導致損傷的

illegal

not allowed by law 非法的，違法的

offence

an illegal act; a crime 犯罪行為；罪行

outrageous

shocking and morally unacceptable 駭人的；無恥的；無法接受的

penalty

a punishment, or the usual punishment, for doing something that is against a law 刑罰，懲罰，處罰